SoDaNet | Social Terms

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For more information about SoDaNet Social Terms Dictionary, please see the working paper as well as the manual

SOCIAL TERM: Αντικουλτούρα / Counterculture

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 1

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

DEFINITION (1): “The term counterculture describes a variety of social subgroups possessing distinctive norms and values in opposition to the widely accepted beliefs and practices of the dominant culture. Countercultures espouse primarily a cultural, rather than explicitly political, challenge commonly enacted through alternative lifestyles rather than direct challenges to institutional authority structures such as governments or corporations. […] The contemporary concept of counterculture emerged from J.Milton Yinger’s (1960) notion of “contracultures.” Yinger distinguishes contra/ countercultures from subcultures; the former emerges from conflict with and within the larger society, while the latter constitute any variety of groups distinguished by their own norms, whether or not in opposition to dominant norms. Importantly, then, countercultures must be understood in relation to the larger culture. Theodore Roszak (1995) popularized the concept “counterculture,” describing the variety of 1960s youth cultural rebellions of Europe and the United States that came to be known as the Counterculture.” (Haenfler 2013).

DEFINITION WRITER: Νίκος Σερντεδάκις

REFERENCE: Haenfler, R. (2013). “Countercultures”. In The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social and Political Movements. Edited by Snow, D., della Porta, D., Klandermans, B., and McAdam D. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell.

SOCIAL TERM: Πολιτισμικός σχετικισμός / Cultural relativism

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 2

RELATED TERMS: Πολιτισμικός/Cultural

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

DEFINITION (1): “Ethnocentrism can get in the way of the scientific study of culture. We cannot grasp the behavior of other peoples if we interpret it in the context of our values, beliefs, and motives. Rather, we must examine their behavior in the light of their values, beliefs, and motives. This approach, termed cultural relativism, views the behavior of a people from the perspective of their own culture. […] In sharp contrast to ethnocentrism, cultural relativism employs the kind of value-free or neutral approach advocated by Max Weber (see Chapter 1, p. 13). A perspective characterized by cultural relativism asks not whether a particular trait is moral or immoral, but what part it plays in the life of a people.” (Hughes and Kroehler 2009: 51).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Νίκος Σερντεδάκις

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

SOCIAL TERM: Παρέκκλιση / Deviation

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 1

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

SOCIAL TERM: Δραματουργική προσέγγιση / Dramaturgical approach

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 1

TERM TYPE: Methodological

DEFINITION (1): «Goffman saw the performances staged in a theater as an analytical analogy and tool for depicting and understanding socialization and the shaping of the self, a perspective called the dramaturgical approach. He depicted social life as a stage on which people interact; all human beings are both actors and members of the audience, and the parts are the roles people play in the course of their daily activities. According to Goffman, the self is a product of the ongoing performances that characterize a person’s everyday interaction with others and of how these performances are interpreted by others. In this view the self is not so much something that people possess and then carry unchanged from situation to situation as it is a “dramatic effect” (Goffman, 1959:253) that emerges from social situations in which people attempt to manage others’ impressions of them.» (Hughes and Kroehler 2009: 83).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Νίκος Σερντεδάκις

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

SOCIAL TERM: Εθνοκεντρισμός / Ethnocentrism

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 2

RELATED TERMS: Πολιτισμικός/Cultural

TERM TYPE: Methodological

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SOCIAL TERM: Αντικουλτούρα / Counterculture

REFERENCE: Haenfler, R. (2013). “Countercultures”. In The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social and Political Movements. Edited by Snow, D., della Porta, D., Klandermans, B., and McAdam D. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell.

SOCIAL TERM: Πολιτισμικός σχετικισμός / Cultural relativism

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

SOCIAL TERM: Παρέκκλιση / Deviation

SOCIAL TERM: Δραματουργική προσέγγιση / Dramaturgical approach

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

SOCIAL TERM: Εθνοκεντρισμός / Ethnocentrism

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the greek research infrastructure

for social sciences

Social Terms Dictionary

DATA SERVICES

SOCIAL TERM: Αντικουλτούρα / Counterculture

REFERENCE: Haenfler, R. (2013). “Countercultures”. In The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social and Political Movements. Edited by Snow, D., della Porta, D., Klandermans, B., and McAdam D. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell.

SOCIAL TERM: Πολιτισμικός σχετικισμός / Cultural relativism

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

SOCIAL TERM: Παρέκκλιση / Deviation

SOCIAL TERM: Δραματουργική προσέγγιση / Dramaturgical approach

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

SOCIAL TERM: Εθνοκεντρισμός / Ethnocentrism

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