SoDaNet | Social Terms

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For more information about SoDaNet Social Terms Dictionary, please see the working paper as well as the manual

SOCIAL TERM: Δείκτης ανομοιότητας / Ιndex of dissimilarity

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 3

TERM TYPE: Methodological

DEFINITION (1): The dissimilarity index is used to determine the degree to which a group of people in a residential area is separated from the rest of the population (Duncan and Duncan, 1955).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Eleni Gaki

DEFINITION COMMENTS: the dissimilarity index... was used by Duncan & Duncan in a study about racial and national distinctions and assimilations in metropolitan areas of USA.

REFERENCE: Duncan, O.D. And Duncan. B.A (1955). Methodological analysis of segregation indexes. American Sociological Review 20, pp. 210-217.

DEFINITION (2): The dissimilarity index was initially designed as a measure of distinction to quantify the degree of unequal distribution of two population groups in different areas of the city (Sakoda, 1981).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Eleni Gaki

REFERENCE: Sakoda, J.M. (1981). A generalized index of dissimilarity, Demography, 18, 2, pp. 245–250.

DEFINITION (3): The index of dissimilarity measures the difference between two relative percentage distributions over a particular group of categories by first summing the differences between the relative frequencies in each category, and second, by dividing the total sum in half in order that the final index value will fall somewhere between 0 and 100 (Wicks, 1975).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Eleni Gaki

REFERENCE: Wicks, J.W. (1975). The calculation of the index of dissimilarity on a computer terminal, Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation, 7, 4, p.380.

SOCIAL TERM: Εργασιακή Iκανοποίηση / Job Satisfaction

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 2

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

DEFINITION (1): The pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job as achieving or facilitating the achievement of one’s job values (Locke, 1976).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Eleni Gaki

DEFINITION COMMENTS: The concept of... job satisfaction is very common and many researchers have dealt with it. For this reason a large number of theories have been developed.

REFERENCE: Locke, E.A. (1976). The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction. In Dunnette, M.P. (Ed.) Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicago: Rand McNally, pp. 1297-1350

DEFINITION (2): The extent to which people like (satisfaction) or dislike (dissatisfaction) their jobs (Spector, 1997).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Eleni Gaki

REFERENCE: Spector, P.E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes and consequences. USA : SAGE Publications.

SOCIAL TERM: Διοικητική επιστήμη / Management science

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 2

TERM TYPE: Methodological

DEFINITION (1): Management Science as the basic process or function of rational decision making (Cook, 1968).

DEFINITION TYPE: Operational

DEFINITION WRITER: Eleni Gaki

REFERENCE: Cook, D. (1968). An Overview of Management Science in Educational Research, Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Educational Research Management Center.

DEFINITION (2): Management science is the broad interdisciplinary study of problem solving and decision making in human organizations, with strong links to management, economy, business, engineering, consulting and other areas (Kenneth and Dean, 1985).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Eleni Gaki

REFERENCE: Kenneth R.B. and Dean, H. K. (1985). Management Science: An Introduction to the Use of Decision Models. John Wiley & Sons.

SOCIAL TERM: Ιεράρχηση αναγκών / Hierarchy of needs

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 2

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

DEFINITION (1): According to Maslow, humans are motivated by needs which appear in hierarchy in five categories: the physical needs (lower level of hierarchy), the needs for security, the social needs, the needs for appreciation and recognition from other and lastly, the need for self-realization (highest level of hierarchy) (Maslow, 1943).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Eleni Gaki

REFERENCE: Maslow A.H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation, Psychological Review 50, 4, pp. 370-96.

DEFINITION (2): In 1969, Alderfer suggested a modification to the Maslow hierarchy of needs theory, which included three categories of needs: needs of existence, needs of social relationships and needs of development. This theory is known as ERG theory (Daft, 2012).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Eleni Gaki

REFERENCE: Daft, R. (2012). New Era of Management. 10th edition, Cengage Learning.

SOCIAL TERM: Φυσική ανθρωπολογία / Physical anthropology

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 3

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

DEFINITION (1): «While it is certainly true that all science is embedded within society, so that histories of science are critical parts of social histories, physical anthropology has played such a major and direct political role in the Western world that its history has special value to all students of the human condition. […]. Without looking very carefully, it is too easy to miss the features that give the encyclopedia its broader value in illuminating the importance of sociopolitical issues to physical anthropology as a whole, and vice versa» (Spencer, 1997, pp.405-406).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Nagopoulos Nikolaos

REFERENCE: Spencer, F. (1997). History of Physical Anthropology: An encyclopedia (two volumes). New York: Garland, 1997, pp 405, 406.

pp.405-406

DEFINITION (2): Osteological Analysis of the burials will be conducted by specialists. The human remains will be analyzed by the Physical Anthropology specialists. These studies will include detailed descriptions of the skeletal remains, pathologies, and population identification. […]. The goal of human skeletal recovery […] is to obtain as much relevant quantitative and qualitative information as is reasonably possible about the biology, taphonomy, and burial practices of the prehistoric inhabitants of the Tonto Basin. This means that the human remains will be analyzed for both physical anthropological and archeological research objectives» (Christy et.al, 2013,pp.2-5).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Nagopoulos Nikolaos

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SOCIAL TERM: Δείκτης ανομοιότητας / Ιndex of dissimilarity

DEFINITION (1): The dissimilarity index is used to determine the degree to which a group of people in a residential area is separated from the rest of the population (Duncan and Duncan, 1955).

REFERENCE: Duncan, O.D. And Duncan. B.A (1955). Methodological analysis of segregation indexes. American Sociological Review 20, pp. 210-217.

DEFINITION (2): The dissimilarity index was initially designed as a measure of distinction to quantify the degree of unequal distribution of two population groups in different areas of the city (Sakoda, 1981).

REFERENCE: Sakoda, J.M. (1981). A generalized index of dissimilarity, Demography, 18, 2, pp. 245–250.

REFERENCE: Wicks, J.W. (1975). The calculation of the index of dissimilarity on a computer terminal, Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation, 7, 4, p.380.

SOCIAL TERM: Εργασιακή Iκανοποίηση / Job Satisfaction

DEFINITION (1): The pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job as achieving or facilitating the achievement of one’s job values (Locke, 1976).

REFERENCE: Locke, E.A. (1976). The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction. In Dunnette, M.P. (Ed.) Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicago: Rand McNally, pp. 1297-1350

DEFINITION (2): The extent to which people like (satisfaction) or dislike (dissatisfaction) their jobs (Spector, 1997).

REFERENCE: Spector, P.E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes and consequences. USA : SAGE Publications.

SOCIAL TERM: Διοικητική επιστήμη / Management science

DEFINITION (1): Management Science as the basic process or function of rational decision making (Cook, 1968).

REFERENCE: Cook, D. (1968). An Overview of Management Science in Educational Research, Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Educational Research Management Center.

DEFINITION (2): Management science is the broad interdisciplinary study of problem solving and decision making in human organizations, with strong links to management, economy, business, engineering, consulting and other areas (Kenneth and Dean, 1985).

REFERENCE: Kenneth R.B. and Dean, H. K. (1985). Management Science: An Introduction to the Use of Decision Models. John Wiley & Sons.

SOCIAL TERM: Ιεράρχηση αναγκών / Hierarchy of needs

REFERENCE: Maslow A.H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation, Psychological Review 50, 4, pp. 370-96.

DEFINITION (2): In 1969, Alderfer suggested a modification to the Maslow hierarchy of needs theory, which included three categories of needs: needs of existence, needs of social relationships and needs of development. This theory is known as ERG theory (Daft, 2012).

REFERENCE: Daft, R. (2012). New Era of Management. 10th edition, Cengage Learning.

SOCIAL TERM: Φυσική ανθρωπολογία / Physical anthropology

REFERENCE: Spencer, F. (1997). History of Physical Anthropology: An encyclopedia (two volumes). New York: Garland, 1997, pp 405, 406.

pp.405-406

REFERENCE: Christy, G. et al.(2013).Physical Anthropology Analysis. 18 December 2013, pp. 2, 5.

pp.2-5

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the greek research infrastructure

for social sciences

Social Terms Dictionary

DATA SERVICES

SOCIAL TERM: Δείκτης ανομοιότητας / Ιndex of dissimilarity

DEFINITION (1): The dissimilarity index is used to determine the degree to which a group of people in a residential area is separated from the rest of the population (Duncan and Duncan, 1955).

REFERENCE: Duncan, O.D. And Duncan. B.A (1955). Methodological analysis of segregation indexes. American Sociological Review 20, pp. 210-217.

DEFINITION (2): The dissimilarity index was initially designed as a measure of distinction to quantify the degree of unequal distribution of two population groups in different areas of the city (Sakoda, 1981).

REFERENCE: Sakoda, J.M. (1981). A generalized index of dissimilarity, Demography, 18, 2, pp. 245–250.

REFERENCE: Wicks, J.W. (1975). The calculation of the index of dissimilarity on a computer terminal, Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation, 7, 4, p.380.

SOCIAL TERM: Εργασιακή Iκανοποίηση / Job Satisfaction

DEFINITION (1): The pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job as achieving or facilitating the achievement of one’s job values (Locke, 1976).

REFERENCE: Locke, E.A. (1976). The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction. In Dunnette, M.P. (Ed.) Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicago: Rand McNally, pp. 1297-1350

DEFINITION (2): The extent to which people like (satisfaction) or dislike (dissatisfaction) their jobs (Spector, 1997).

REFERENCE: Spector, P.E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes and consequences. USA : SAGE Publications.

SOCIAL TERM: Διοικητική επιστήμη / Management science

DEFINITION (1): Management Science as the basic process or function of rational decision making (Cook, 1968).

REFERENCE: Cook, D. (1968). An Overview of Management Science in Educational Research, Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Educational Research Management Center.

DEFINITION (2): Management science is the broad interdisciplinary study of problem solving and decision making in human organizations, with strong links to management, economy, business, engineering, consulting and other areas (Kenneth and Dean, 1985).

REFERENCE: Kenneth R.B. and Dean, H. K. (1985). Management Science: An Introduction to the Use of Decision Models. John Wiley & Sons.

SOCIAL TERM: Ιεράρχηση αναγκών / Hierarchy of needs

REFERENCE: Maslow A.H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation, Psychological Review 50, 4, pp. 370-96.

DEFINITION (2): In 1969, Alderfer suggested a modification to the Maslow hierarchy of needs theory, which included three categories of needs: needs of existence, needs of social relationships and needs of development. This theory is known as ERG theory (Daft, 2012).

REFERENCE: Daft, R. (2012). New Era of Management. 10th edition, Cengage Learning.

SOCIAL TERM: Φυσική ανθρωπολογία / Physical anthropology

REFERENCE: Spencer, F. (1997). History of Physical Anthropology: An encyclopedia (two volumes). New York: Garland, 1997, pp 405, 406.

pp.405-406

REFERENCE: Christy, G. et al.(2013).Physical Anthropology Analysis. 18 December 2013, pp. 2, 5.

pp.2-5

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