SoDaNet | Social Terms

To use our search engine, please provide the keyword you wish to search for (case insensitive results in both English and Greek languages), then select one of the following options:

*Note

Keyword: returns terms results even if the keyword fits in a part of the term.
Definition: returns results about definitions given to terms

For more information about SoDaNet Social Terms Dictionary, please see the working paper as well as the manual

SOCIAL TERM: Ομάδες αναφοράς / Reference groups

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 1

RELATED TERMS: Ομάδα/Group

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

DEFINITION (1): “We evaluate ourselves and guide our behavior by group standards. […] we have different reference groups -social units we use for appraising and shaping attitudes, feelings, and actions (Singer, 1981). Positive reference groups are those having characteristics that we have or wish we had, and negative reference groups are those that represent to us what we are not or do not wish to be. […] A reference group may or may not be our membership group. We may think of a reference group as a base we use for viewing the world, a source of psychological identification. […] Reference groups provide both normative and comparative functions (Felson and Reed, 1986). Because we would like to view ourselves as members in good standing within a certain group -or we aspire to such membership- we take on the group’s norms and values through the process of anticipatory socialization […] We cultivate its lifestyles, political attitudes, musical tastes, food preferences, sexual practices, and drug-using behaviors. We also use the standards of our reference group to appraise ourselves -a comparison point against which we judge and evaluate our physical attractiveness, intelligence, health, ranking, and standard of living.” (Hughes and Kroehler 2009: 101).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Νίκος Σερντεδάκις

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

REFERENCE:

SOCIAL TERM: Σχετική αποστέρηση / Relative deprivation

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 1

RELATED TERMS: Υλική αποστέρηση/Material deprivation

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

DEFINITION (1): “When our membership group does not match our reference group, we may experience feelings of relative deprivation -discontent associated with the gap between what we have (the circumstances of our membership group) and what we believe we should have (the circumstances of our reference group). Feelings of relative deprivation often contribute to social alienation and provide fertile conditions for collective behavior and revolutionary social movements. The reference group concept, then, contains clues to processes of social change.” (Hughes and Kroehler 2009: 101).

DEFINITION WRITER: Νίκος Σερντεδάκις

REFERENCE:

SOCIAL TERM: Συγκρουσιακά ρεπερτόρια / Repertoires of contention

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 1

RELATED TERMS: Συλλογική δράση/Collective action Συγκρουσιακή πολιτική/Contentious politics Συγκρουσιακή συλλογική δράση/Contentious collective action

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

DEFINITION (1): «We define contentious repertoires as arrays of performances that are currently known and available to some set of actors. Contained contention takes place within a regime, using its established institutional routines; transgressive contention challenges those routines and threatens the primacy of those they protect.» (McAdam and Tarrow 2019: 23).

DEFINITION TYPE: Nominal

DEFINITION WRITER: Νίκος Σερντεδάκις

REFERENCE:

SOCIAL TERM: Δευτερογενής oμάδα / Secondary group

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 1

RELATED TERMS: Πρωτογενής ομάδα/Primary group

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

DEFINITION (1): «A secondary group entails two or more people who are involved in an impersonal relationship and have come together for a specific, practical purpose. Instrumental ties predominate in secondary groups; we perceive people as means to ends rather than as ends in their own right. Illustrations include our relationships with a clerk in a clothing store and a cashier at a service station. Sometimes primary group relationships evolve out of secondary group relationships. This happens in many work settings. People on the job often develop close relationships with co-workers as they come to share gripes, jokes, gossip, and satisfactions.» (Hughes and Kroehler 2009: 100).

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

SOCIAL TERM: Κοινωνικό πράττειν / Social action

APPROVED DEFINITIONS FOR TERM: 1

TERM TYPE: Theoretical

the greek research infrastructure

for social sciences

Social Terms Dictionary

DATA SERVICES

SOCIAL TERM: Ομάδες αναφοράς / Reference groups

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

REFERENCE:

SOCIAL TERM: Σχετική αποστέρηση / Relative deprivation

REFERENCE:

SOCIAL TERM: Συγκρουσιακά ρεπερτόρια / Repertoires of contention

REFERENCE:

SOCIAL TERM: Δευτερογενής oμάδα / Secondary group

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

SOCIAL TERM: Κοινωνικό πράττειν / Social action

QUICK ACCESS

the greek research infrastructure

for social sciences

Social Terms Dictionary

DATA SERVICES

SOCIAL TERM: Ομάδες αναφοράς / Reference groups

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

REFERENCE:

SOCIAL TERM: Σχετική αποστέρηση / Relative deprivation

REFERENCE:

SOCIAL TERM: Συγκρουσιακά ρεπερτόρια / Repertoires of contention

REFERENCE:

SOCIAL TERM: Δευτερογενής oμάδα / Secondary group

REFERENCE: Hughes, M., and C. Kroehler. (2009). Sociology: The Core. New York: McGraw-Hill.

SOCIAL TERM: Κοινωνικό πράττειν / Social action

NEWSLETTER

CREATE

CHARTS AND MAPS

FOR YOUR OWN DATASET

QUICK ACCESS